What is LED and What is its full form, Invention, Advantages, Disadvantages?

LED stands for “light-emitting diode.” It is a type of semiconductor technology that is commonly used in electronic devices such as televisions, computer monitors, and mobile phones, as well as in lighting fixtures and other applications.

An LED is a small electronic device that emits light when an electric current is passed through it. The light emitted by an LED is typically a single color, such as red, green, or blue, but more recently multi-colored LED’s are being used as well. LEDs are made up of two layers of semiconductor material, one of which is doped with impurities to create a positive or negative charge. When an electric current is passed through the LED, it causes the electrons in the semiconductor to move from one layer to the other, releasing energy in the form of light.

Principle or Technologies does the LED bulb work?

The principle on which an LED (light-emitting diode) bulb works is based on the electronic properties of semiconductors. An LED bulb is made up of a small semiconductor chip, typically made of materials such as silicon or gallium nitride, which is encased in a transparent or semi-transparent housing.

The semiconductor chip in an LED bulb is made up of two layers of material, one of which is doped with impurities to create a positive or negative charge. When an electric current is passed through the semiconductor chip, it causes the electrons in the semiconductor to move from one layer to the other, releasing energy in the form of light. This process is known as electroluminescence.

The specific color of the light emitted by an LED bulb depends on the materials used in the semiconductor chip. For example, LED bulbs that emit a red light are typically made with a semiconductor material such as aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs), while LED bulbs that emit a blue or green light are typically made with a semiconductor material such as silicon carbide (SiC) or gallium nitride (GaN).

The housing of an LED bulb is designed to protect the semiconductor chip and to control the direction of the light emitted by the chip. The housing also contains other components such as a current-limiting resistor, which helps to regulate the amount of electric current flowing through the semiconductor chip, and a heat sink, which helps to dissipate the heat generated by the LED bulb.

Market price of LED bulb in INDIA and USA and global?

The market price of LED bulbs varies depending on the country and the specific product. In India, LED bulbs can be found at a wide range of prices, from as low as a few rupees to several hundred rupees. The average price of a standard LED bulb in India is around 50-150 rupees. In the USA, the average retail price of a standard LED bulb is around $2 to $5. However, the price can vary greatly depending on the brand and the specific features of the bulb.

In the global market, the price of LED bulbs also varies depending on the country and the specific product. In general, the price of LED bulbs tends to be higher in developed countries than in developing countries. This is due to the higher costs of manufacturing, transportation, and other factors in developed countries. However, with the increasing competition and advancement in technology, the price of LED bulbs is becoming more competitive, making them more accessible to consumers worldwide.

It’s worth noting that, the prices of LED bulbs are subject to fluctuations based on the supply and demand, government regulations, taxes, and other factors. The prices also vary based on the brand, quality and the features of the product.

LED bulb invention?

The invention of the LED (light-emitting diode) is attributed to a number of individuals and research groups. The first known demonstration of the LED effect was in 1907 by a British scientist named Henry Joseph Round, who observed that when a voltage was applied to a crystal of silicon carbide, it emitted light. However, it was not until the 1960s that the first practical LEDs were developed.

One of the first individuals to develop a practical LED was a researcher named Nick Holonyak Jr, who was working at the General Electric Company’s research laboratory in Syracuse, New York. In 1962, Holonyak developed the first LED that emitted light in the visible spectrum, specifically red light. This was a significant development as it made it possible to create LED-based devices that could be used for lighting and other applications.

Also in 1962, another researcher named Robert Biard and his colleague Gary Pittman at Texas Instruments in Dallas, Texas, developed the first infrared LED. This was another significant development as it enabled the creation of LED-based devices that could be used for remote control and other applications.

The first high-brightness blue LED was developed by Shuji Nakamura, a Japanese researcher, and his team at Nichia Corporation in Japan in 1993. This was a key development as it made it possible to create white light using LEDs. This led to the development of LED lighting products that were more energy efficient, longer-lasting and had a wide range of color options.

Advantages of LED Bulbs:

1. Energy Efficiency: LED bulbs are significantly more energy efficient than traditional incandescent bulbs, which can lead to significant energy savings and cost savings over time.
2. Long Lifespan: LED bulbs have a much longer lifespan than traditional incandescent bulbs, which means they need to be replaced less frequently, and it leads to less waste.
3. Durability: LED bulbs are more durable than incandescent bulbs and are less likely to break or shatter.
4. Fast switching: LED bulbs have a fast switching time which makes them suitable for applications that require fast on/off cycles.
5. Wide range of color options: LED bulbs have a wide range of color options which makes them suitable for different applications such as mood lighting, stage lighting, and more.
6. Low heat emission: LED bulbs emit very little heat compared to traditional incandescent bulbs which makes them safer to use and touch.

Disadvantages of LED Bulbs:

1. High Initial Cost: LED bulbs tend to have a higher initial cost than traditional incandescent bulbs, which may be a barrier for some consumers.
2. Quality Issues: Some LED bulbs may have quality issues such as flickering, poor color rendering, and poor dimming capabilities.
3. Blue light hazards: LED bulbs may emit a significant amount of blue light which can cause eye strain and disturb sleep patterns if exposed to it for a long time.
4. Limited dimming range: Some LED bulbs may have a limited dimming range which limits their ability to be used in dimmable lighting applications.
5. Temperature Sensitivity: LED bulbs can be affected by high temperatures which can cause them to malfunction or lose their efficiency over time.
6. Recycling: LED bulbs contain small amounts of toxic materials and should be properly recycled.