Basic Forms of Communication

Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, and knowledge between individuals or groups. There are several forms of communication that are used in different contexts and situations.

Communication is a complex process that involves different forms and contexts. Effective communication requires an understanding of the audience, purpose, and context, and the use of appropriate communication forms to convey a message. By prioritizing effective communication, individuals and organizations can build relationships, achieve common goals, and succeed in their endeavors.

Different Definitions of Communication:

1. According to Harold Lasswell, communication is “who says what, through which channel, to whom, with what effect.”
2. Shannon and Weaver define communication as “the transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver through a medium.”
3. According to Theodore Clevenger, communication is “the process of transmitting information and common understanding from one person to another.”
4. Carl Rogers defines communication as “the sharing of meaning between people.”
5. According to John Fiske, communication is “the creation and exchange of meaning.”
6. Wilbur Schramm defines communication as “the process of establishing a commonness or oneness of thought between a sender and a receiver.”

• For Marshall McLuhan, communication is “the medium is the message,” meaning that the medium through which a message is conveyed is as important as the message itself.

Basic forms of Communication:

• Verbal communication: This involves the use of spoken or written words to convey a message. Verbal communication can include face-to-face conversations, phone calls, video conferences, speeches, and written documents such as emails, reports, and memos. Verbal communication can be formal or informal and can be used in both personal and professional contexts.
• Non-verbal communication: This involves the use of body language, facial expressions, and gestures to convey a message. Non-verbal communication can include eye contact, facial expressions, tone of voice, posture, and hand gestures. Non-verbal communication can be intentional or unintentional and can convey emotions, attitudes, and intentions.
• Visual communication: This involves the use of visual aids such as graphs, charts, diagrams, and images to convey a message. Visual communication can be used to simplify complex information, make data more accessible, and enhance the impact of a message. Visual communication can be used in both personal and professional contexts.
• Written communication: This involves the use of written words to convey a message. Written communication can include emails, letters, reports, memos, and social media posts. Written communication can be formal or informal and can be used in both personal and professional contexts.
• Electronic communication: This involves the use of electronic devices such as computers, smartphones, and tablets to communicate a message. Electronic communication can include emails, text messages, social media, and video conferencing. Electronic communication can be used in both personal and professional contexts and can be synchronous or asynchronous.
• Interpersonal communication: This involves the exchange of information, ideas, and knowledge between individuals in a face-to-face setting. Interpersonal communication can include conversations, meetings, and presentations. Interpersonal communication can be formal or informal and can be used in both personal and professional contexts.